School of Hacks - Part 2

I continue to discuss the second part of the series, following the Hacker culture post in Part 1, now we discuss Part 2. Before I elaborate in programming in Python or other hacking languages, I want to discuss with you the second important skill in hacking. In case you have not guessed it, if you want to become a hacker, you need know an Open Source UNIX operating system.


Can you hack in Windows?  Yes. Windows is a good operating system, and you can install Python and run programs in C on Windows. But Windows is not Open Source. Windows is distributed in binary, in other words, you can only install Windows and not change nor manipulate the code of the operating system (OS). An open source OS has the option to download the source code and contribute to it by programming features, utilities or tools for it. There are two lessons to be thought in this here skill today, and they go hand in hand. One, if you want to be a hacker, you have use and contribute to the Free and Open Source Software (FOSS). This is a cultural trait. You can contribute in such a community as SourceForge, where you can download and develop FOSS. Hackers share software with their community, they test FOSS they didn’t program, write documentation for it, debug it, and eventually, write their own open source software. That is one reason why hackers use a FOSS UNIX Operating System. There are different variants of UNIX or UX operating systems, free or proprietary such as AIX, BSD, Solaris, SCO, HP-UX and the most popular, Linux, which leads us to the second lesson.

UNIX has been the operating system for scientist by scientists. It goes without saying, that hacking is a science. In the days before the Mac OS and Windows, UNIX was king and in the 1970’s, UNIX creators at Bell Labs, provided the source code to the OS to be taught in universities or enhanced by researchers. A US born professor at Vrije University in Amsterdam wrote his own UNIX (MINIX, or Minimal UNIX) and provided the 12,000 lines of C and Assembly code when you bought his book “’Operating Systems: Design and Implementation” by Andrew S. Tanenbaum. MINIX was created to teach university students how an operating system works. One student, Linus Torvalds, took the source code provided by the book in floppy disks, programmed a kernel, and according to his newsgroup post on compo.os.minix took “feedback on things people like/dislike in minix” and programmed “features most people would want”. As he shared it with the online community, like a good hacker boy that he was, it gained a lot of attention and within one month of releasing Linux 0.01 (or Linus UX) on the Internet, many hackers contributed to 0.02. Eventually Linux grew into the hundreds of Linux distributions today.

There are other Free OSS UNIX operating systems around that are used for hacking, these include FreeBSD and OpenSolaris. However, the importance to becoming a good hacker is to understand UNIX and how it works on the Internet. To do so, one must know the UNIX and Internet Fundamentals. The question here is now, what do you want read about next: should I contribute in detail on programming Python, or would you rather me show you the different ways to run Linux, including Live Distro, virtual or full installation or running Linux off a network. My next part of this series will depend on the reader, this is subliminally training you to a hacker lessons learned, contribute to this by commenting, and you’re on your way to becoming a hacker.

School of Hacks - Part 1

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I began this series for a blog and podcast called Mr. Cracker:


You never ask, “How do I become a hacker?” and you never say “I am a hacker.” Nowadays, you will run into countless YouTube Videos and blogs regarding “hacking.” I’m glad to hear Mr. Cracker’s first few episodes focused on what is a hacker and how does one hack. However, there are many stories that can be credited for tainting the term, like an incident in Los Alamos in 1982.

Webster’s dictionary defined a hacker as an expert at programming and solving problems with a computer. Hackers have otherwise been known as computer geeks or computer wizards; up until the word was tarnished by ruthless wizards that illegally gained access to systems and tamper with information. To this day, the word hacker is used to describe these geniuses that can force their way into an operating system and manipulate data. The term hacker derived from the reference to programmers “hacking away” at the bits and bytes. Since it takes an experienced hacker to gain unauthorized entrance into a secure computer to extract information and perform some prank or mischief at the site, the term has become synonymous with “cracker” or “blackhat”, a person who performs an illegal act. A technical professional that is paid to break into a computer system in order to test its security is called “Pentester” for Penetration Tester.

True hacking, is a culture of these programmers and pentesters that understand code and network security. To become one, is to be called one by an expert. If your friends proclaim you a “hacker” because you brute forced into an account in front of them, unless you wrote the algorithm, you are nothing but a “script kiddie”. If you wrote a program that is useful to the network security and you shared with the community and pentesters or system admins recognize your talent, then you are on your way.

But what is the way, you may ask. I will have to say, it’s a long way. It doesn’t happen overnight, and it doesn’t happen after reading this article of listening to every Mr. Cracker’s podcasts. Yet, there are certain steps you must follow, and I will elaborate in the articles to come. Let me get you started with the basics. A Hacker is a Programmer. Yes, not a MSCE or a CCNA but a programmer. Programming is a THE fundamental skill for hacking. I am a programmer. I began developing software over 10 years ago. I’m not the best, but I recommend you start by learning a language called Python. DO NOT start with a GUI based programming language like Java, or even Visual Basic or C#. Start with Python (http://www.python.org/) for two reasons. One, it’s free and powerful and two, it works on multiple platforms, i.e Windows or Linux. The importance of Linux is for another subject. Stick to semi-colon languages “;” like Perl and PHP, the object will be to move onto C and C++. It is best recommended in this subject that you learn or know all of the mentioned: Python, Perl, PHP, C and C++.

Utilize documentation provided on their site to learning Python. You would have to teach yourself in the next few days, months or years to be strong at that language. Then you can move onto another language, and it would become easier to learn once you understand data structuring and variables, etc. Hacking is the ability to use those languages and applying them to solve your problems. As you learn, keep in mind you are practicing how you think and you’re not really focusing on a particular language.